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Andrew Targowski
Andrew (Andrzej) Stanislaw Targowski (born October 9, 1937 in Warsaw, Poland) is a Polish-American computer scientist specializing in enterprise computing, societal computing, information technology impact upon civilization, information theory, wisdom theory, and civilization theory. One of the pioneers of applied information systems in Poland, he is an executive, university professor, scientist, civilizationist, philosopher, visionary, writer, and generalist.〔''Who is Who in Poland (Kto Jest Kim w Polsce)''. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Interpress, 1984, pp. 989–990.〕〔Pula, J. (2011). ''The Polish American Encyclopedia''. Jefferson, NC & London: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers, p. 516.〕〔Piasek, Zb. (2006). ''Encyclopedia of World Research and Engineering Heritage of Polish Engineers in the USA, Canada, Europe, Argentina and Singapore''.Kraków, Poland: FOGRA, p. 302–308.〕
In Poland he is known for developing computerized the social security number (PESEL, 1972–74) for 38 million citizens,〔Rutkowski, P. (2010). "ENFANCE with Professor Andrzej Targowski." ''Computerworld'' (Polish Edition), September 28, p. 10.〕 the prototype of INFOSTRADA (1972–1974), and author of the first books on applied information technology in business, economy, and society. In the United States he has developed one of the first digital cities in the U.S., teleCITY of Kalamazoo, Michigan (1992–1996).〔Mish, P. (1996). "WMU Professor originated the idea of "electronic global village" in Kalamazoo." ''Kalamazoo Gazette'', August 25.〕〔Mish, P. (1996). "Telecity lunches Kalamazoo site on the Internet." ''Kalamazoo Gazette'', November 9.〕〔Chmielewski, T. (1993). Cyberspace: The New Frontier. ''Kalamazoo Gazette'', October 3, p. 1 and 7.〕 He concentrated on the cognitive informatics-oriented development of the theories of enterprise-wide system, information, communication, civilization, and wisdom.
==Biography==
Targowski was born in Warsaw, Poland. His father, Stanislaw, Adam (1893–1945) was a lawyer, diplomat, politician, and writer. Targowski was arrested by the Germans in 1940 and sent to Auschwitz, later to Gross-Rosen and Nordhausen Mittelbau-Dora, where he worked as a slave worker at the production of V1 and V2 weapons.〔Michel, J. (1975). ''DORA, The Nazi Concentration Camp Where Modern Space Technology was Born and 30,00 Prisoners Died''. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.〕〔Neufeld, M.J. (2007).''Von Braun. Dreamer of Space/Engineer of War''. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.〕 In March 21, 1945 he was publicly executed by hanging for sabotaging that production.〔Mołdawa, M. (1980, 2009). ''Gross Rosen''. Warszawa: Bellona, p. 197.〕 Targowski's mother Halina Krzyrzanska-Targowska (1907–1975) was born in her parents' large farm in Eastern Poland-Podole, now in Ukraine. When the Russian Revolution 1917 devastated her family, she as a teenager escaped to Warsaw. During the Warsaw (Polish) Uprising (September 1944) she was wounded 14 times. She was able to take out her son Andrew (7 years old) from a pile of corpses, after the execution.〔Mazurczyk, J. & Zawanowska, K. (1981). ''Childhood and War. (Dzieciństwo i Wojna)''. Warsaw: Czytelnik., p. 52–58.〕〔Ena, M. (1999). ''Where love ripped to heroism. (Gdzie miłość dojrzewala do bohaterstwa)''. Niepokalanów, Poland:Wydawnictwo OO. Franciszkanòw. pp. 111–113.〕 After the War, Targowski was going to the private (later nationalized) W.Gòrski School in Warsaw. When Joseph Stalin died in March 23, 1953, he and other boys shot air guns at pictures of state officials, hanging in a classroom, celebrating the too soon conceived victory over the occupiers. He was dismissed from the school and finished his baccalaureate at the T. Reytan School in Warsaw in 1954.〔Targowski, A. (2001). ''Informatics without illusions. (Informatyka bez złudzeń)''. Toruń, Poland: Adam Marszałek.〕 He married Alicja Kowalczyk in 1962 and has a son Stan (Stanislaw - computer scientist). After his divorce, he remarried Irmina Dura-Kubas (MD and PhD)() in 1978 and has a son John (attorney)() and a step-daughter Agnieszka (geophysicist), and three grandchildren; Julian (computer professional), Marcel and Veronica.〔''Who's Who in American Education''.(1991–1993). Third Edition. Wilmette, Il.: The National Reference Institutes, p. 859.〕〔''Who's Who in the World''.10th Edition. Wilmette,Il." Marquis, Macmillan Directory, p.1074.〕〔Almy, K. (2010). A Philosophy Emerges from a Difficult Life. ''ENCORE'', April, p. 16–24.〕
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